Fitness vs. Fatness on All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis
Section snippets
Literature review
The data collection and reporting process were completed following the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology43 and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statements.44 The review of the literature was performed through Pubmed, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest searches by the first author using keywords related to the joint association between CRF and BMI on mortality from all-causes ((“Cardiorespiratory fitness” OR “physical fitness” OR “fitness” OR
Results
Fig 1 shows the literature selection process. A total of 891 articles were retrieved from Pubmed, Ebscohost, and ProQuest searches. Sixty-six potentially relevant articles were further examined using abstract and full article assessments. Following this assessment, ten articles remained eligible for the current meta-analysis. When assessing for publication bias, however, there were no significant results. Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 present the findings from the meta-analysis comparing the joint
Discussion
After completing the meta-analysis on the joint association between CRF and BMI on mortality from all causes, the results indicate that the risk of death was dependent upon CRF level and not BMI. Therefore, fit individuals who are overweight or obese are not automatically at a higher risk for all-cause mortality. These findings are promising for all individuals, including those unable to lose weight or maintain weight loss, as all can experience significant health benefits by developing and
Statement of Conflict of Interest
All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Acknowledgments
This article was supported by the RWJ grant from the Positive Psychology Center, Martin Seligman, PI, University of Pennsylvania.
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Statement of Conflict of Interest: see page 389.